钢结构工程的施工通常要经过工厂制作和现场安装两个阶段。钢结构工程有大部分时间是在工厂车间内部进行，由于钢结构构件在工厂内加工制造的质量好坏，对钢结构工程的现场安装及整体结构的安全稳定至关重要。因此钢结构制作生产厂家必须具备相应企业资质、生产规模、技术能力、机械设备及先进的工艺水平。

The construction of steel structure engineering usually passes through two stages of factory production and site installation. Steel structure works are mostly carried out in the workshop within most of the time. Because the quality of the steel structure components in the factory is critical for the on-site installation of the steel structure engineering and the safety and stability of the whole structure. Therefore, the production manufacturers of steel structure must have the corresponding enterprise qualification, production scale, technical ability, mechanical equipment and advanced technological level.

钢结构一般制作工艺流程分为:放样→下料→拼板→切割→组立→埋弧焊接→钻孔→组装→矫正成型→铆工零配件下料→制作组装→焊接和焊接检验→防锈处理、涂装、编号→构件验收出厂。在钢结构制作中，应根据钢结构制作工艺流程，抓住关键工序进行质量控制，如控制关键零件的加工，主要构件的工艺、措施，所采用的加工设备、工艺装备等。

The general structure of steel production process is divided into: lofting, blanking, plate, cutting, assembling, submerged arc welding, hole drilling, assembly and correction of parts forming, riveting blanking, manufacturing and assembling, welding and welding inspection, anti rust treatment, coating, and component factory approval number. In the production of steel structure, we should take quality control according to the process of steel structure and grasp the key processes, such as controlling the processing of key parts, the process and measures of main components, the processing equipment, process equipment and so on.

4、重视焊接工程质量控制

4. Attach importance to quality control of welding engineering

在钢结构制作和安装工程工程中焊接工程是最重要的环节，必须重视焊接工程质量控制。目前，钢结构在生产过程中大部分采用具自动埋弧焊机，部分具备半自动气体保护焊机，个别部位采用手工施焊。焊接质量问题较多存在于手工焊缝，这些问题有：焊瘤、夹渣、气孔、没焊透、咬边、错边、焊缝尺寸偏差大、不用引弧板、焊接变形不矫正、飞溅物清理不净等。鉴于这种情况，钢结构施焊前，对焊条的合格证要进行检查，按说明书要求使用，焊工必须持证上岗证，焊缝表面不

Welding engineering in the construction and installation of steel structure is the most important link, and the quality control of the welding engineering must be paid attention to. At present, most of the steel structures are equipped with automatic submerged arc welding machines, partly with semi-automatic gas shielded welding machines, and some parts are manually welded. Many problems exist in the welding quality manual welding, these problems are: welding slag, porosity, no penetration, undercut, mismatch, weld size deviation, no arc plate, welding deformation correction, spatter clean-up net etc.. In view of this situation, before welding the steel structure, the qualification certificate of the electrode should be inspected, and the welder must have the certificate of license and the surface of the weld.